A Few Statements From The Salaf Regarding Things That Impact The Fast
Translator: Abu Abdil-Alim Amin Manning al-Makki
On the authority of Abī Hurayrah radī Allahu anhu, [who said,] the Prophet (ﷺ) said,
“Whoever does not leave [off] false speech, acting upon it, and ignorance, then Allah has no need [for them] to leave [off] his food and drink.”
Report by al Bukhãrī #6057
Jãbir bin Abdullah al Ansãrī (radī Allahu anhumaa) said,
“When you fast, then let your hearing, sight, and tongue fast from lying and sin, and leave [off] harming the servant. And indeed, be dignified and [in a state of] tranquility [during] the day [that] you are fasting. And do not make the day you are not fasting the same as the day you are fasting.”
Related by Ibnu Abī Shaybah in his Musunnaf #8981
Ibn Qudãmah al Muqdasī (rahimahullah) said,
“There are three levels of fasting:
The general fast, the specific fast, and the more specific fast.
So, as for the general fast:
Then, it is the forgoing of one's stomach and their private parts fulfillment of their desires.
As for the specific fast:
Then, it is the refraining of one's gaze, tongue, hands, feet, and hearing, as well as the rest of his body parts from committing sins.
And as for the more specific fast:
Then, it is the heart abstaining from eagerness [toward] the worldly affairs and the thoughts that distance one from Allah, The Most High, and it [meaning the heart] curbing [it’s focus on] that which is other than Allah, The Most High in totality…
Thus, from [the] manners of the specific fast:
Is lowering one’s gaze and preservation of the tongue from that which would harm, from [the likes of] kalaam muharram (unlawful speech), or disliked [speech], or that which does not benefit. And to safeguard the rest of the body parts.”
Mukhtasir Minhaj ul Qãsideen, pg. 46
Ibnul Qayyim al Jawziyyah (rahimahullah) said,
“The one who [truly] fast is one who body parts refrain from sins, and his tongue avoids lying, indecency and falsehood, and his stomach abstains from food and drink, and his private parts from sexual relations.
So, when he speaks, he does not speak with that which will harm his fasting, and if he does [something] he does not act in a way that will corrupt his fasting.
Thus, all of his speech that comes forth is beneficial and upright, as are his actions.
Hence, [his state] is like that of the fragrance that one smells when [he] sits with the perfume merchant. Likewise, the one who sits with the one who is [truly] fasting, benefits from sitting with him and is safe from falsehood, lying, immorality and oppression.
This is the legislated fasting, not merely withholding from food and drink.
So, [true] fasting is [the] fasting that the limbs refrain from sins and the stomach from food and drink...
Hence, just as food and drink cut off and ruin the fast; likewise sins cut off the reward and spoil the fruits of fasting such that one becomes like he who has not fasted.”
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*Translator note: That which is between the brackets [ ] was added to complete the translation, or for clarity, or additional benefit.
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