A Treatise On The Fundamentals Of Islaam And The Arrangement Of The Religion
A Treatise On The Fundamentals Of Islaam And The Arrangement Of The Religion
By: Shaikh Abu Fidaa’ Ma’mar Ibn Abdul Jaleel Al-Qadasee
Source: Al-Qaa’idatu fee Ta’leemul-Qiraa’atu wal-Kitaabatu (pg. 126-127)
Translators: Editorial Staff
The Religion is divided into three categories
1) Islaam
2) Imaan
3) Ihsaan
Islaam
It is to surrender to Allah with Tawheed (1) and to yield to Him with obedience and sincerity; then free oneself from Shirk (2) and Bid’ah (3) and its people.
The Pillars Of Islaam
The pillars of Islaam are five and they are mentioned in the Hadeeth by ’Abdullah Ibn ’Umar Ibnul-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with both of them) said, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said,
“The religion of Islaam is built on five pillars, and it is to testify that there is not deity worthy of worship except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and to establish the prayer and to pay the charity and make pilgrimage to the house (i.e. Ka’bah in Mecca), and to fast during the month of Ramadhaan.”
Imaan
Faith in Islam is a statement of the tongue, belief in the heart and action of the limbs. It increases with obedience and decreases with disobedience.
The Pillars Of Imaan
The pillars of Iman (faith) are six.
Belief in the oneness of AllahBelief in His Angels Belief in His BooksBelief in His Messengers (may the peace and blessing of Allah be upon all of them)Belief in the Last Day (day of reckoning)Belief in the decree of Allah, the good of it and the bad of it
Ihsan Is One Pillar (4)
It is to worship Allah as if you see him and if you cannot achieve this feeling or attitude, then know that Allah is watching you.
Allah is our Lord and Muhammad is our Prophet (ﷺ)
Allah is our Lord and He created us and provides for us. He, The Most High, said,
“Allah is the creator of everything and over all things is He a trustee.” (5)
Muhammad is our Prophet (ﷺ) and it is our duty to obey him and follow him.
He, The Most High said,
“Whatsoever the Messenger gives you, take it and whatsoever He forbids you, stay away from it.” (6)
Salaat (Prayer)
It is the second pillar from the pillars of Islam and it is five prayers prescribed by Allah for every Muslim in the day and the night. The prayers are as followed:
Morning Prayer (Salatul-Fajr) it consist of 2 rak’at (units)Noon Prayer (Salatul-Thuhr) it consist of 4 rak’at (units)Afternoon Prayer (Salatul-Asr) it consist of 4 rak’at (units)Sunset Prayer (Salatul-Maghrib) it consist of 3 rak’at (units)Evening Prayer (Salatul-’Ishaa) it consist of 4 rak’at (units)
Siyaam (Fasting)
It is to leave off food, drink and sexual relation with your spouse with the intentions of devoting oneself to worship from dawn until sunset. It is important to know that when the Prophet (peace and blessing of Allah be upon Him) was addressed with someone’s evil behavior while fasting he would say,
“I am fasting” twice or three times.” (7)
Where is Allah?
Allah is above the highest level of the heavens above His Throne. And He exists above His Throne in a manner befitting His Magnificence.
He, the most high said,
“Do you feel secure that He, who is over the heavens, will not cause the earth to sink with you, and then it should quake.” (8)
And the saying the Prophet (ﷺ) to the slave girl,
“Where is Allah?”
She said: “Above the heavens.”
So he (ﷺ) said:
“Free her, for indeed, she is a believer.” (9)
Al-hamdulillah, this concludes the treatise from the author and for a detailed explanation of these fundamentals, refer back to the books entitled: ‘The Authentic Creed and The Invalidators of Islaam’ by Shaikh Abd.Azeez ibn Abdillah bin baz (d.1420) rahimahullah. And ‘The Three Fundamental Principles of Islaam’ by Shaikh Muhammad ibn Saalih Al-’Uthaymeen (d.1421) rahimahullah.
May Allah send peace and blessing upon Muhammad, his family, true followers and his companions.
___________
Tawheed, to believe in the oneness of Allah i.e. belief in His Lordship and His right to be worshipped alone and belief in His names and attributes.
Shirk, is to worship others or something along with Allaah.
Bid’ah, every belief, statement and action invented after the death of the Prophet (peace and blessing of Allaah be upon Him) with the intention of worshipping Allah and getting closer to Him with no prior proof from the Qur’an or the Sunnah or from the actions of the salaf.
Ihsaan, is the highest level of worship (perfection i.e. when you worship Allaah or do deeds considering yourself as if you see Him and if you cannot achieve this feeling or attitude, then you must bear in mind that Allah sees you).
Surah Zumar (39: 6)
Surah Hashr (59: 7)
Al- Bukhaari, Al-Asqalaani, Fathul Baari 4/ 103
Surah Mulk (67:16)
Muslim in his book, Vol-1/482 #537. The sahaab of this hadeeth was ’Maalik bin Anas (may Allah be pleased with him).
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